点击阅读:宽带、窄带,ADSL、pppoe,虚拟拨号等名词解释
当初在虚拟机中第一次安装好了红帽,在百度上Google了N次,逛了无数的论坛、博客,看了无数的帖子、文章,在网上找了各种方法,怎么也找不到“宽带”连上网的方法。
后来用Ubuntu也是这样,ubuntu自带的客户端根本连不上网,想找个连上网的办法吧,结果我见到的回答全是牛头不对马嘴,真是让人气馁。
虽然Linux各种发行版的命令大体一样,但有一些还是不同的。
Table of Contents
Red Hat Linux
Red Hat Linux下面使用的是ADSL:调制解调器命令
作用:ADSL调制解调器命令用来配置宽带调制解调器工作。
说明:ADSL命令包括一组命令。首先检查是否安装了PPPOE软件,并且版本号要高于3.5-1。如果版本低于这个版本号,先升级软件版本(最新版本rp-ppoe-3.5-3.i386.rpm)。升级命令如下: rp-ppp-3.5-3.i386.rpm
[root@sample ~]# rpm Uvh
友情提示:我认为升级并不是必要的,如果你确定要升级,先在其它电脑上下载最新PPPOE软件,放在“/Home/你的用户名/”下面(因为终端默认路径就是这个文件夹),再执行上面的命令即可(注意命令的大小写、文件名为你的下载的文件的文件名)
系统产生如下四个命令。
- adsl-setup:配置DNS、用户账号、密码、其他选项。
- adsl-start:使用ADSL连接互联网命令。
- adsl-stop:断开ADSL和互联网连接命令。
- adsl-status:检测ADSL连接状态命令。
[root@sample ~]# adsl-setup ← 建立ADSL连接
Welcome to the ADSL client setup. First, I will run some checks on
your system to make sure the PPPoE client is installed properly…
LOGIN NAME
Enter your Login Name (default root): ← 填入ADSL连接的用户名
INTERFACE
Enter the Ethernet interface connected to the ADSL modem
For Solaris, this is likely to be something like /dev/hme0.
For Linux, it will be ethX, where ‘X’ is a number.
(default eth0): ← 指定网络接入设备,一块网卡的情况下,一般为默认eth0
Do you want the link to come up on demand, or stay up continuously?
If you want it to come up on demand, enter the idle time in seconds
after which the link should be dropped. If you want the link to
stay up permanently, enter ‘no’ (two letters, lower-case.)
NOTE: Demand-activated links do not interact well with dynamic IP
addresses. You may have some problems with demand-activated links.
Enter the demand value (default no): ← 直接按回车,接受默认设置
DNS
Please enter the IP address of your ISP’s primary DNS server.
If your ISP claims that ‘the server will provide dynamic DNS addresses’,
enter ‘server’ (all lower-case) here.
If you just press enter, I will assume you know what you are
doing and not modify your DNS setup.
Enter the DNS information here: ← 如果知道DNS服务器的信息在此填入。不知道的情况按回车跳过(《全国DNS服务器IP地址》下载地址:http://olseeling.qjwm.com/down_1249888.html)
PASSWORD
Please enter your Password: ← 输入ADSL的连接密码
Please re-enter your Password: ← 再次确认输入ADSL的连接密码
USERCTRL
Please enter ‘yes’ (two letters, lower-case.) if you want to allow
normal user to start or stop DSL connection (default yes): no ← 填入no,不允许一般用户控制PPPoE的连接
FIREWALLING
Please choose the firewall rules to use. Note that these rules are
very basic. You are strongly encouraged to use a more sophisticated
firewall setup; however, these will provide basic security. If you
are running any servers on your machine, you must choose ‘NONE’ and
set up firewalling yourself. Otherwise, the firewall rules will deny
access to all standard servers like Web, e-mail, ftp, etc. If you
are using SSH, the rules will block outgoing SSH connections which
allocate a privileged source port.
The firewall choices are:
0 – NONE: This script will not set any firewall rules. You are responsible
for ensuring the security of your machine. You are STRONGLY
recommended to use some kind of firewall rules.
1 – STANDALONE: Appropriate for a basic stand-alone web-surfing workstation
2 – MASQUERADE: Appropriate for a machine acting as an Internet gateway
for a LAN
Choose a type of firewall (0-2): 0 ← 输入0,不在这里使用防火墙
Start this connection at boot time
Do you want to start this connection at boot time?
Please enter no or yes (default no): yes ← 填入yes,在系统启动时自动连接ADSL
** Summary of what you entered **
Ethernet Interface: eth0
User name: caun870293@ca.dti.ne.jp
Activate-on-demand: No
DNS: Do not adjust
Firewalling: NONE
User Control: no
Accept these settings and adjust configuration files (y/n)? y ← 配置信息确认无误后,键入y同意设置
Adjusting /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ppp0
Adjusting /etc/ppp/chap-secrets and /etc/ppp/pap-secrets
(But first backing it up to /etc/ppp/chap-secrets.bak)
(But first backing it up to /etc/ppp/pap-secrets.bak)
…………
…………
Congratulations, it should be all set up!
Type ‘/sbin/ifup ppp0’ to bring up your xDSL link and ‘/sbin/ifdown ppp0’
to bring it down.
Type ‘/sbin/adsl-status /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ppp0’
to see the link status.
[root@sample ~]# adsl-start ← 启动ADSL连接
[root@sample ~]# ← 稍等片刻后若启动成功后出现提示符(无任何提示即意味着连接成功)
Ubuntu
1、打开应用程序菜单,依次选择“附件”->“终端”。
2、在弹出终端窗口后
[root@sample ~]# sudo pppoeconf <- 输入完成后回车
3、然后会提示用户输入当前Ubuntu管理员用户的密码,输入完成后回车。询问网络设备,一般选择“是”,进行检测,然后选择“是”。
4、之后会提示输入用户的ADSL用户名(也就是账号)和密码,在输入账号时把原来的user删掉,其他的除密码之外的问题全部回答“是”(Yes)就可以了。
5、最后会提示用户是否开机自动拨号,选择“是”(Y)的话,默认开机会没有任何提示的情况下拨号,直接可以上网。如果选择“否”(N)的话,需要拨号时手工进入终端输入
[root@sample ~]# sudo pon dsl-provider <- 输入完成后回车
6、经常使用的命令。
pon:启用adsl链接。
poff:结束adsl连接。
plog:查看adsl的提示信息,作为调试用。
ifconfig ppp0:查看是否有ppp0接口。
route -n:查看默认网关是否正确。
nslookup:查看DNS是否能够正确解析。
这些命令可以帮助大家解决ADSL上网遇到的问题,也可以用来调试ADSL。
CentOS
同Red Hat Linux
BackTrack Linux
同Red Hat Linux
Slax
同Red Hat Linux